Nonlinear Modeling and Simulation of Active Array Antennas

This paper presents an overview of active array antennas, system-level nonlinear effects in such antennas, and their modeling and simulation techniques. Influence of nonlinear distortions and interference in active antennas on the overall system performance is considered. Modeling and simulation techniques, which can be applied to active array antennas, are substantially different from those used for circuits and systems. System-level simulation techniques are considered in detail with special emphasis on their application to active array antennas. “Instantaneous” quadrature technique is proposed as an effective tool for numerical simulation of active arrays over wide frequency and dynamic ranges in a computationally-effective way. The validity of this technique is demonstrated through comparison with harmonic balance simulation and measurements. The new Bell Labs ultimate limit for channel capacity and its influence on active array technology and simulation techniques are considered.